Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT): A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Architectures, Edge Protocols, Applications, and Open Security Challenges

Abstract

The Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) is a new paradigm that emerged from the quick convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT). This development marks a shift of networks from merely enabling basic connectivity to being capable of making independent intelligent decisions at the network edge. While the core mission of previous networks was simply to connect devices and transmit data, this transformation is different: at edge locations close to various terminal devices and far from the core network, the network can make its own intelligent judgments and decisions, eliminating the need to send all data back to the core network for processing, which has fundamentally changed the way modern distributed systems process data and take actions. Additionally, it offers a comparative analysis of application-layer protocols including MQTT, CoAP, and AMQP, as well as upcoming standards like Matter and 6G-enabled Ambient IoT. The evaluation highlights the significance of Edge AI in enhancing real-time responsiveness while safeguarding data privacy. Finally, it categorizes the many security risks, including malware, phishing, and data spoofing, and takes into account cutting-edge solutions like blockchain, federated learning, and zero-trust architectures. For academics and professionals studying the intricate relationship between intelligence and connectivity in the contemporary digital age, this book is meant to be a vital resource.