Biosynthesis of Iron and Silver Nanoparticles Using Extract of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) for Antimicrobial and Antioxidant

Abstract

The biosynthesis of the iron and silver nanoparticles was extracted for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in this research, Simple random sampling technique was employed to collect the plant samples within Adamawa metropolis. The collected samples were washed with 5% (v/v) nitric acid (HNO₃) and then rinsed with deionize water to remove the possible contaminant. The color of the reaction changes as the temperature increases 25⁰ C to 75⁰ C from yellow to brown, when 75 cm³ of 1mM AgNO₃ solution extract was added to 25 cm³ of the plant extract on stirring. The yellow-brown color was obtained from the formation of AgNPs. The color of the reaction changes as the temperature increases 25 ⁰C to 75 ⁰C from light red to brick red, when 75 cm³ of 1mM Fe₃O₄ solution extract was added to 75 cm³ of the plant extract on stirring. The fine brick red appears immediately after introducing the Fe₃O₄ Solution which shown the formation FeNPs. The absorbance increase has been associated with a higher concentration of metallic Fe, while the displacement of the maximum peak towards longer wavelengths is mainly owing to the increase in particle size. DPPH radical-scavenging activity (%) of EC 25/75 Nano was increasing as the concentration increases 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 µl/ml with 24, 39, 47 55 and 73 % respectively. (EC 50/50 Nano), 31, 32, 39, 47 and 63%, EC antimicrobial minimum inhibition concentration of EC25/75 AgNPs for Klebsiella pneumoniae and S. aureus showed that the extract had high inhibition on Klebsiella pneumoniae compared to S. aureus. Similar trends subsist for all the fivemicroorganism tested. The zones of inhibition increase with increasing concentration of the synthesized material concentration. EC silver 25/75 Antimicrobial has a maximum inhibition zone which I higher as compared to EC silver 75/25 Antimicrobial. The trend of Inhibition shows close inhibition for all the pathogens except K. pneumonide which has the least inhibition for all the 50/50 EC iron. The inhibition sequence shows close inhibition for all the pathogens except S.typhi and K. pneumonide which has the least inhibition for all the EC Fe. Inhibition is maximum at 20mm and 5mm minimum. Concentration of the material increase results in higher inhibition for four organisms while k. pneumonide shows a different trend with highest inhibition for 200ug/l concentration.