Lineament Extraction and Structural Analysis Using TMI and SRTM Data in Rogo Area Northwestern Nigeria

Abstract

This study evaluates the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 
and remote sensing techniques for lineament extraction using Total Magnetic 
Intensity (TMI) and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data. The 
methodology involves extracting lineament features, analyzing their spatial 
distribution, and examining their relationship with regional tectonic structures. 
Lineament extraction from SRTM and TMI data requires preprocessing to 
enhance linear features, followed by the application of specialized algorithms 
within ArcGIS 10.8.2 to identify and digitize these features. The extracted 
lineaments represent potential fault zones or structural trends influenced by 
variations in the magnetic field, indicative of underlying geological structures. 
To assess the effectiveness of different datasets in geological mapping, 
lineament analysis was conducted separately and simultaneously on TMI and 
SRTM-derived data. The extracted lineaments were compared to evaluate their 
spatial correlation and significance. Lineament density maps were generated to 
highlight areas of structural complexity, which are crucial for understanding 
subsurface geology. Findings indicate that a structurally complex zone identified 
from the SRTM data corresponds to quartzite ridges, likely reflecting surface 
faults. In contrast, a complex area detected in the northern part of the study 
area using TMI-derived lineaments may indicate subsurface faults, which could 
have implications for geological exploration. These results demonstrate the value 
of integrating remote sensing and geophysical data for structural analysis and 
potential resource exploration.