ASSESSING CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES IN NIGERIA’S ENERGY SECTOR

Abstract

Nigeria’s energy sector is both a driver of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and a victim of climate change. This study assesses federal-level mitigation and adaptation strategies within the sector, focusing on key policy frameworks such as the Energy Transition Plan (ETP), Renewable Energy Master Plan (REMP), National Adaptation Strategy and Plan of Action on Climate Change (NASPA-CCN), and the National Adaptation Plan (NAP). Using a qualitative narrative review of policy documents, government reports, and academic literature, the paper highlights strengths, gaps, and opportunities. Findings reveal that while the ETP and REMP demonstrate ambitious targets for renewable energy integration, implementation is hindered by inadequate funding, poor infrastructure, and low public awareness. Adaptation frameworks such as NASPA-CCN and NAP outline resilience-building measures but lack effective monitoring and community-level integration. Overall, Nigeria’s policies align with international commitments such as the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals, yet persistent barriers—technical, financial, and institutional—limit their effectiveness. The study concludes that Nigeria requires stronger governance, sustainable financing, and inclusive stakeholder engagement to enhance the resilience and sustainability of its energy sector.