Detection of highly resistant Enterobacteriaceae (HRE) from hospital isolates within Bauchi metropolis

Abstract

The Enterobacteriaceae are Gram-negative, facultative anaerobes that fermenting sugars 
to produce lactic acid. Most prevalent among this family are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella 
pneumonia, recently these species developed resistance to many antibiotics with few 
exceptions among which include Beta lactams antibiotics. This study explores the sus
ceptibility profile of Enterobacteriaceae to commonly prescribed antibiotics.  A total of 
485 Enterobacteriaceae isolate mostly Klebsiella pneumoniae E. coli, Proteus species, 
Enterobacter species, Salmonella typhi, and Shigella species) from Urine, High Virginal 
Swab, Endocervical Swab, Sputum, and Blood were collected from the selected hospi
tal within Bauchi metropolis from April to August 2016 to study the Resistant pattern of 
Enterobacteriaceae (HRE) and some extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing 
K. pneumoniae among clinical isolates in the hospital setting. Isolates were tested for 
possible ESBL production and were phenotypically confirmed. The Kirby Bauer disk diffu
sion method was followed base on Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines, 
Antibiotic susceptibility testing was further conducted. Among the 485 isolate isolates 
processed, 347 (71.5%) were tested for multidrug resistant while 138 (28.5%) Klebsiella 
pneumoniea were tested for ESBL production. 56 (40.6%) of K. pneumoniae are ESBL pro
ducers while 82 (59.4%) are non ESBL Producers. The phenotypic assay confirms the pres
ence of extended drug-resistant K. pneumoniae with some Enterobacteriaceae. There is 
also a need for further research to identify the effect of infection with ESBL producing 
bacteria within the study area.