The Practices of At-Source Segregation of Plastic Bottles in Households in Yelwa Tudu Bauchi, Nigeria

Abstract

This study explores household-level practices of at-source segregation of plastic 
bottles in Yelwa Tudu, Bauchi, and their implications for effective solid waste 
management. Employing a descriptive survey design, the research examines how 
households separate plastic bottles at the point of generation and the extent to 
which this practice contributes to sustainable waste management strategies. Primary 
data were collected from 107 respondents using Google Forms and structured 
interviews, while secondary data were sourced from a review of relevant literature. 
Findings reveal that only 36% of households actively segregate plastic bottles at the 
source. Notably, 84% of respondents reported not using plastic water bottles, a 
trend possibly linked to the community's socio-economic profile. Households manage 
used plastic bottles in diverse ways: 30% sell them to waste collectors, 48% reuse 
them for domestic purposes, 58% give them to informal waste pickers, and 23% 
discard them, often for scavengers to collect. Middlemen purchase these bottles at 
NGN10–NGN15 each, while industries offer NGN15–NGN20 per bottle. The study 
concludes that at-source segregation, supported by informal waste collection 
networks, plays a critical role in reducing landfill volumes, improving the quality of 
recyclables, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions, while also creating livelihood 
opportunities for low-income individuals. To enhance these outcomes, the study 
recommends targeted public education, infrastructural support, and enabling policy 
frameworks that encourage at-source segregation and integrated waste management.